ZHUSUMOJUGONGCHANGJIANGBENZENGXIAOGAISHAN：

　　JINTIANYANYUMENGLONG，BIJIAOSHIHEZHAIZHE，DANSHIXIAOBIANWOJINTIANJIDAJIAZHUNBEILEYIFENCHAOJIYOUJIAZHIDEZHUSUQUEXIANZILIAO，WENZHANGYOUDIANZHANG，DANSHIFEICHANGZHIDENIJINGXIALAIXINLAIHAOHAOYUEDU，ZAISHIZHAN

　　一、飞边(披锋)

　　XIZHICONGMOJUFENXINGMIANPINCHURONGRONGSHUZHIDEXIANXIANG,ZAICHENGXINGZUOYEDANGZHONGSHUYUzuiELIEDEQINGKUANG,TEBIESHIDANGFEIBIANZHANZAIMOJUMIANSHANG,CANLIUXIALAI,ZHIJIESUOMODEHUA,ZESUNSHANGMOJUFENXINGMIAN。YIDANCHUXIANZHEIZHONGQINGKUANG,GAISUNSHANGBUFENYOUHUIDAOZHICHANSHENGXINDEFEIBIAN,ZENMEYEMEIBANFA,SUOYIXUTEBIEZHUYIBUYAOCHUXIANFEIBIAN,

　　1、BUDESHIJIAGUOGAODESHECHUYALI

　　RONGRONGZHANDUDIDESHUZHI,RUNILONG、JUBINGXI、JUYIXI、JUBENYIXIDENG，LIUDONGXINGHAO，WANGWANGCONGMOJUFENGXICHUXIAN“BIANYUANGUCHU”XIANXIANG，YINCI，BUDESHIJIAGUOGAODESHECHUYALIHEBAOYAYALI。DANGYOUCHUXIANFEIBIANDEQINGXIANGSHI，YINGJINZAORANGBAOYAZHUANHUANYONGXIANWEIKAIGUANDONGZUO，JIANSHAOJILIANG。JIANGDISHECHUYALI。

　　LINGWAI，BAOYAYALIYEYOUGUOGAODESHIHOU，DUIYUZHEIXIELIUDONGHAODESHUZHI，BUYAOCONGYIKAISHIJIUSHIJIAGAOBAOYAYALI。YINGBIANGUANCHACHENGXINGPINDEZHUANGKUANG，BIANYIDIANYIDIANTIGAOYALI。

　　2、 zuiCHUSUOMOLIBUZUSHI，DANGRANHUICHANSHENGFEIBIAN，BULEJIESUOYONGMOJUSUOXUSUOMOLIJIUJINGYOUDUODA，JIUBUKENENGZUOCHUDUAN。XIANLIYONGSUOMOLIDIAOZHENGSHOUBING ，ZENGJIASUOMOLISHISHIKAN。

　　SHANGTUWEIZAIMOJUJIECHUMIAN(FENXINGMIAN)XINGCHENGDEFEIBIAN。FEIBIANZHUYAOSHIFASHENGZAIFENXINGMIAN，DANQITARUZAIXIAODINGGANZHOUWEI、CHOUXINZHOUWEIYOUSHIYECHUXIANFEIBIAN。

　　SUOWEIZONGXIANGFEIBIAN，JIHUJUNQIYINYUMOJUJINGDUBUGOU。XIANGNILONGZHILEIRONGRONGZHANDUDIDESHUZHI，TEBIERONGYICHANSHENGFEIBIAN，RUJUTANSUANZHIZHILEIZHANDUGAODESHUZHIZENANYUCHANSHENGFEIBIAN。

　　YIzuiDASUOMOLISUOMO，RENGRANCHUXIANFEIBIANSHI，ZEYINGKAOLVSHIFOUSHIJIXIENENGLIBUZU。CISHIDEPANDUANFANGFASHI，DANGMOQIANGNEIDEYALICHENGYIMOQIANG、LIUDAODETOUYINGMIANJISUODEDESHUZHIWEICHAOGUOJIXIESHIDASUOMOLIDEHUA，ZEBUSHUYUJIXIENENGLIBUZU。

　　DANXUZHENGQUEGUJIMOQIANGNEIYALI，RANERBUNENGBACHANPINMULUSUOLIECHUDESHECHUYALIKANZUOSHIMOQIANGYALI。SHECHUYALICHONGQILIANGSHILIAOTONGNEIDELILUNYALI，SHUZHILIURUMOJU，JIBEILENGQUE，YALIJIJUXIAJIANG。PINGJUNYALICONGDIZHANDUBUJIAN250kg/cm2DAOGAOZHANDUGONGYEBUJIAN800kg/cm2ZUOYOU，ZHEIZHONGYALIHENNANGUJI，SUIRANDATISHANGYOUGEJIZHUN，DANYAOXIANGBAOZHENGGUJIJINGDU，HAIXUYAOPINGJINGYAN。

　　3、ZAIMOJUJIECHUMIANCHANSHENGLESHANGHEN、JIAYOUZANGDONGXIHUOSHIMOJUPINGXINGDUCHA，DANGRANHUICHANSHENGFEIBIAN，MOJUBAOGUANBUSHAN，ZEHUISHIANZHUANGMIANDASHANGSHANGHEN，HUOSHISHENGXIU，ZHEIYANGDOUHUIDAOZHICHANSHENGFEIBIAN。SUOYIYINGGAIYANGCHENGXIGUANTUOSHANBAOGUANMOJU。BUDEJIANGMOJUZHIJIEFANGZHIZAIDIMIANSHANG。

　　4、YEYINGTEBIELIUYIZHUSUJIDEMOJUANZHUANGMIAN，ANZHUANGMOJUZHIQIANYINGYONGMOBUZIXICASHI。

　　5、JILIANGGUODUO，HUOSHILUOGANLIAOTONGDEWENDUSHEDINGDEGUOGAO，JUNHUICHANSHENGFEIBIAN，zuiCHUYINGMANMANZENGJIAJILIANG，WENDUSHEDINGYINSHUZHIERYI，zuiHAOJIZHUDAZHIDEBIAOZHUNWENDU。

　　二、填充不足(缺胶)

　　SUOWEITIANCHONGBUZU，SHIZHIMOJUTIANCHONGBUMANDEZHUANGTAI。ZAIDADAOMUDEXINGZHUANGZHIQIAN，LENGQUEGUHUAZEWANQUANCHENGWEIFEIPIN。

　　JIANGSHECHULIANGSHEDINGWEIzuiDA，QINGKUANGRENGDEBUDAOGAISHAN，ZEBIAOSHISHECHUYALIBUZU，HUOSHEDINGWENDUGUODI。

　　JIANGJILIANGSHEDINGWEIzuiDA，WENDUYALIGENJUCHANGSHIPANDUANYIWUYICHANG，CHUXIANTIANCHONGBUZUDEXIANXIANGSHI，DUOBANXUYAOJIANCHAZHUSUJIDEzuiDAZHUSHELIANG。MOQIANGRONGJICHAOGUOzuiDASHECHULIANGSHI，TIANCHONGBUWANQUAN。YOUCHENGXINGPINYANGPINDEHUA，ZHEIZHONGJIANCHAHENJIANDAN，CHENGXINGZHIQIANDANGRANXUYAOJIANCHA，SHOUXIANCELIANGYANGPIN、JIAOKOUJILIUDAODEZHONGLIANG，DIYUZHUSUJIDEzuiDAZHUSHELIANGJIUBUKEYILE。LIYONGZHUSUJISUOJUYOUDEzuiDARONGJICHENGYISHUZHIDEJIABIZHONG，JIKESUANCHUGAISHUZHIDEzuiDASHECHULIANG。CHENGXINGPINDEZHONGLIANGGANGHAOXIANGDANGYUZHUSUJIDEzuiDASHECHULIANG，YOUSHIYEHUICHUXIANTIANCHONGBUZUDEXIANXIANG，ZHEISHIYOUYUMEIYOUBABAOYACANLIANGXINGCHENG(SUCHENGRONGRANG)KOUCHUDEYUANGU。

　　WEIFANGZHINILIU，ZEXUANZHUANGZHINIHUAN。JUYIXI、BENYIXI、JUBINGXIJINILONGDENGDIZHANDUDESHUZHIYIDINGXUYAO，BUZHUANGDEHUA，YINNILIUDEGUANXI，WANGWANGHUIDAOZHITIANCHONGBUWANQUAN。

　　SHUZHIWENDUGUODI，ZEZHANDUGUOGAO，LIUDONGXINGCHA，YOUSHIHUIZAOCHENGMOJUTIANCHONGBUWANQUAN。

　　BUGUANZENMESHUO，SHUZHIWENDUPIANDIYIXIEHAO，GUOGAOZESHOUSUOJIADA，BAOZHENGBULEJINGDU，HUOSHIZAOCHENGREFENJIEERTANHUA，YINGSHIZHONGJIZHUANBIAOZHUNWENDUJINXINGSHEDING。

　　5、 MOJUYINQIDETIANCHONGBUZUXIANXIANGYEDUODECHURENYILIAO。

　　MOJUNEIRONGRONGSHUZHIDETONGDAO-----JIAOKOU、ZHULIAOKOUDETONGGUOMIANJIXIAO，ZEZUYALI，FANGAILESULIAOLIURU，YINGGENJUSUOYONGSHUZHIDETEXING，SHEJIXIANGYINGDEMOJU，TONGYIMOJUYONGYUDUOZHONGCAILIAO，NANYUDEDAOTONGYANGDEXIAOGUO。

　　LINGWAI，DUIGAOZHANDUDESHUZHI，ZHUIQIUCHENGXINGPINJINGDUSHI，XUTIGAOMOJUWENDU，YOUZHUYUSHUZHILIUDONG，SUOYISHUOYUMOJUWENDUYOUHENDAGUANXI。OUER，YINMOQIANGDEXINGZHUANGZAOCHENGFENGRUKONGQI，ZEGAIBUFENCHENGXIANTIANCHONGBUZUXIANXIANG。ZHEIYANGDEMOJUZEXUYAOPAICHUKONGQIYONGDE“PAIQICAO”。

　　6、QITAFANGMIAN，RUSHECHUSUDUGUOMAN，HUOSHIYOUYUFASHENGLEZONGXIANGFEIBIAN，ERBUNENGTIGAOBAOYA，ZEZAOCHENGCHONGTIANBUZU。

　　三、缩水

　　ZAICHENGXINGPINBIAOMIANFASHENGDEBULIANGXIANXIANGSHUYUzuiDUODEYILEI，YINRESHOUSUOZAOCHENGTIJIBIANHUAYINQIDE，DUOFASHENGZAIBUJIANHOUDEBUFEN。KEYIKANZUOSHISHUYUJIANWEIDETIANCHONGBUZU，SUOYIQIANXIANGTIANCHONGBUZUDEDUICEYIKESHIYONG。

　　DANSHOUSUOFASHENGZAITIANCHONGJIESHUZHIHOU，DADUOSHIYINBAOYAXIAOGUOBUCHONGFENYINQIDE，YINCI，SHOUXIANYINGJIANCHACHENGXINGTIAOJIANZHONGDEBAOYASHIFOUHESHI，YEBAOKUOJIANCHAMOJU。

　　JINGCHANGCHUXIANDEQINGKUANGSHIYINJIAOKOUGUOXIAOHEMOJUWENDUGUODI，JIAOKOUSHOUXIANGUHUA，ZAIBAOYAJIEDUANBUNENGDUISHOUSUOBUFENJINXINGBUCHONG。YUGUOZHEIZHONGQINGKUANGDANGRANYINGKUODAJIAOKOUHUOSHITIGAOMOJUDEWENDU。

　　QICI，YOUSHIYEYUBAOYAYALIHESHIJIANBUZUYOUGUAN，YOUXIUGAIMOJUZHIQIAN，zuiHAODATISHANGJIANCHAYIXIA。

　　RONG YI CHAN SHENG SHOU SUO DE BU WEI：

　　A、 BUJIANHOUDEBUWEI，MOJUWENDUBIJIAOGAOSHI;

　　B、 BUJIANHOUDEBUWEIHEBODEBUWEIDEJIAOCHADIAN(LENGDENEICEDENG)，BUJIANBODEBUFENXIANLENGQUE，JIANGHOUDEBUFENLAXIANGNEICE，ZAOCHENGBIAOMIANAOXIAN。

　　C、 YIBANLAISHUO，HOUDUZAI5mmYISHANG，ZEFEICHANGRONGYICHANSHENGSHOUSUO。

　　LINGWAI，WEILIUYOUBAOYACANYULIANG，ZEZAOCHENGSHOUSUO，HUOSHIDUIYINGZHUANGZHINIHUANDESHUZHIWEISHIYONGZHINIHUANDENGXIAOSHIWUYESHIYOUSUOJIAN。

　　四、气泡

　　ZAICHENGXINGPINHOUDEBUFENYIYUXINGCHENGQIPAO，CHANSHENGQIPAODEDAOLIHESHOUSUOYIYANG，QUBIEJINZAIYUBIAOMIANBUFASHENGAOXIAN，JINZAINEIBUXINGCHENGKONGDONG。ZHIYUFASHENGZAIBIAOMIANHUOFASHENGZAINEIBU，ZEYUMOJULENGQUEKUAIMANYOUGUAN。JIDUIDIWENMOJULAISHUO，JIANGCHENGXINGPINBIAOMIANJISULENGQUE，ZECHANSHENGCONGNEIBUXIANGBIAOMIANDESHOUSUO，YUSHIZAIZHONGXINFUJINXINGCHENGYINSHOUSUOYINQIDEKONGDONG。

　　YINCI，ZUOWEIJIEJUEFANGFAYINGZHUYIMOJUWENDU，QITASHESHIZEHECHULISHOUSUODECUOSHIYIYANG。

　　五、流痕(水波纹)

　　XIZHIZAIZHURUKOUFUJINCHANSHENGNIANLUNZHUANGTIAOWENDEXIANXIANG，CHANSHENGZHEIZHONGXIANXIANGSHIYOUYURONGRONGSHUZHIZAIMOQIANGNEIBIANLIUDONGBIANGUHUAXINGCHENGDE，JIZAISHECHUGUOCHENGZHONGHUOBAOYASHICHANSHENGZHEIZHONGXIANXIANG。

　　1、zuiJIANCHENGXIAODEJIEJUEBANFASHISHOUXIANTIGAOSHECHUSUDU，SHIMOQIANGNEIBULENGQUEJUNYUNHUA。

　　2、TIGAOMOJUWENDU，SHUZHIWENDUYESHAOSHAOTIGAO。

　　3、TIGAOSHECHUYALI，YANZHANGBAOYASHIJIAN。

　　4、YOUSHICANLIUZAIPENZUIFUJINDEGUHUAWU(ZHA)JINRUMOQIANG，ZEXINGCHENGLIUHEN，JIEJUEBANFASHIJIADASHEZHIZAIMOJUSHANGDECUNZHABUFEN(LENGLIAOXUE)，YISHICANZHABUJINRUMOQIANG。

　　5、PENZUIKONGJING、JIAOKOU、LIUDAOJIZHURUKOUGUOXIAO，YOUSHIJUNHUIZAOCHENGLIUHEN。

　　六、银条(料花)

　　XIZHIZAICHENGXINGPINBIAOMIANCHANSHENGYANSHUZHILIUDONGFANGXIANGXINGCHENGYINBAISETIAODAIDEXIANXIANG。

　　1、SHUZHIGUOREFENJIE，ZECHANSHENGZHEIZHONGXIANXIANG，CISHIKEJIANGDILIAOTONGDESHEDINGWENDU。

　　2、 SHUZHIGANZAOBUZUYEHUICHANSHENGZHEIZHONGXIANXIANG。

　　3、HUNRUKONGQI，YOUSHIYEHUICHANSHENGZHEIZHONGXIANXIANG，YUDAOZHEIZHONGQINGKUANG，SHOUXIANKEYITIGAOBEIYA。LIAOTONGHOUBUWENDUSHEDINGDEGUOGAO，YOUSHIYEHUIFANGAIKONGQIPAICHU。

　　4、ZHUSHESUDUGUOKUAI，YEHUICHANSHENGZHEIZHONGXIANXIANG，QIYUANYINZAIYUMOJUZHURUKOUGUOXIAO，ZECHANSHENGGAOJIANQIERE，PENZUIKONGJINGGUOXIAO，YICHENGXIANTONGYANGXIANXIANG。JIANGDIZHUSHESUDU，KEFANGZHIZHEIBUFENSHAOHEN，YEKEYIKUODAJINLIAOKOUJIPENZUIDEKONGJING。

　　5、QITAFANGMIAN，YUMOJUYOUGUANDEYINSUBAOKUOMOJUWENDUGUODI，PAIQIBULIANG，MOQIANGBIAOMIANZHANYOUSHUIFENHUOZANGDONGXI。JUNYOUKENENGDAOZHIXINGCHENGYINTIAO(LIAOHUA)。

　　七、黑条

　　XIZHIZAICHENGXINGPINZHONGXINGCHENGDEHEISETIAOWEN，QIYINYULIAOTONGBUGANJING，HUOSHIYINSHUZHICAILIAOREFENJIEXINGCHENGDESHAOJIAOWU，YUDAOZHEIZHONGQINGKUANG，YINGJINLIANGQINGSAOLUOGANLIAOTONG，BUCAIYONGBULIANGCAILIAO。TEBIESHIDANGSHUZHIREFENJIESHAOJIEDAOLUOGANSHANGZHIHOU，ZHIYAOBUJINXINGFENJIEQINGCHU，JIUZENMEYEBUNENGCHEDINONGGANJING。LINGWAI，SULIAOZHONGRUOHUNYOUYIFENJIEDEZHESEJI，ZESHAOHENDOUWEIXINGCHENGHEITIAO，XIANXIANZAICHENGXINGBIAOMIAN。

　　YOUSHUZHIXINGCHENGSHAOHENDEYUANYINJIJIEJUEFANGFARUXIA：

　　1、zuiDUODEYUANYINSHILUOGANLIAOTONGWENDUSHEDINGDEGUOGAO，SHUZHIZAILUOGANLIAOTONGNEIZHILIUSHIJIANGUOZHANG。

　　2、ZHUSHESUDUKUAI，JINLIAOKOUGUOXIAO，ZESHUZHIZAIJINLIAOKOUBUFENREFENJIE，YUSHIZAICHENGXINGPINSHANGXINGCHENGSHAOHEN。YUDAODAOZHEIZHONGQINGKUANG，BIXUXIUGAIMOJU，HUOSHIJIANGDIZHUSHESUDU。

　　3、LUOGANXUANZHUANGUOKUAI，HUIYINQISHUZHIGUORE。

　　4、OUERCHENGXINGPINYOUDIANTIANCHONGBUZU，GAITIANCHONGBUZUBUFENYOUSHIBEISHAOHEI，ZHEISHIYINMOJUPAIQIBUZU，BAZHEIZHONGXIANXIANGJIAOZUOHEITIAOYEBUYIDINGHESHI，DANKEYIKANZUOSHILEISIXIANXIANG。

　　八、隐条纹

　　XIZHIZAICHENGXINGPINBIAOXIANMIANXINGCHENGDEXIZHANGXIANZHUANGHUAWENDEXIANXIANG。

　　1、DADUOSHIYINLENGZHAZAOCHENGDE，KEZAIMOJUSHANGKAISHELENGZHACUNLIUCAO(LENGLIAOXUE)。

　　2、SHUZHIWENDUHUOSHIMOJUWENDUGUODIYEKENENGCHANSHENGZHEIZHONGXIANXIANG。

　　3、YINJINLIAOKOUWEIZHIBUDANG，YEHUIZAOCHENGZHEIZHONGXIANXIANG。XIWANGZAIMOQIANGNEITIANCHONGSHUZHINENGCONGYIBIAN，XIANGCHUIQIQIUYIYANG，CHENGWEIYIKUAIJIANJIANKUODAXINGZHUANG，RUOZHURUKOUXINGZHUANGBUHESHI，ZEXIANZHUANGWUCHENGZHEDIEZHUANG，YUSHIZAIBIAOMIANXINGCHENGWANQUZHUANGHUAWEN，KEYILINGYOUZHURUKOUJINRUDESHUZHILIJIHESHENMEDONGXIXIANGPENGZHUANG，ZAIGAICHUXINGCHENGYIKUAIDEBANFALAIJIAYIJIEJUE。

　　4、SHECHUSUDUKUAI，zuiCHUYIGAOSUDU、CHENGZHANGXIANZHUANGSHERUDESHUZHI，LIJIBEILENGQUE，HEHOUJINRUDESHUZHIZHIJIANCHANSHENGWENDUCHA，YUSHIBUNENGCHONGFENRONGHEZAIYIQI，YUDAOZHEIZHONGQINGKUANG，JIANGDISHECHUSUDU，YOUSHIKEYIJIEJUE。

　　九、夹水纹(熔接痕)

　　XIZHIZAICHENGXINGPINBIAOMIANXINGCHENGDEXIXIANZHUANGJIEFENG，SHIBUZIXIKANDOUFAXIANBULEDEMAOFAZHUANGJIEFENG，FASHENGZAIMOQIANGNEILIUDONGDERONGRONGSHUZHIDERONGHEMIANSHANG，YINZHEIZHONGXIANXIANGCHANSHENGDEXIANCHENGZHIWEIHELIUHEN(HUOBINGLIAOHEN)，YUQITABUFENXIANGBI，QIQIANGDUBUZU，CONGCHENGXINGPINDEZHILIANGJIAODUKAN，YINGJINKENENGNULIYUYIXIAOCHU。

　　1、YINWENDUBUGOU(SHEDINGPIANDI)LIURUSHUZHIBUNENGRONGHE，GUKECAIQUTIGAOSHUZHIWENDU，ZENGJIASHECHUSUDU，TIGAOMOJUWENDUDENGCUOSHI。

　　2、RUOHELIUHENWULUNRUHEXIAOCHUBUDIAO，TONGSHIYOUDANXINCHENGXINGPINDEXINGNENG，ZEKEBIANGENGZHURUKOUDEWEIZHI，HUOSHIBIANHUANZHUSHESUDU，JIANGXINGCHENGHELIUHENDEBUWEIYIZHIYUQIANGDUWUGUANDEDIFANG。

　　3、MOJUZULIGUODA，SHUZHINANYULIUDONG，XIANTOUDEBUFENWENDUXIAJIANG，XINGCHENGHELIUHEN。YUDAOZHEIZHONGQINGKUANGZEXUKUODAMOJULIUDAOHUOZHURUKOU。

　　十、表面模糊不清(阴云)

　　XIZHIMOJUNEIBIAOMIANCHAHUOSHIYONGTUOMOJIGUODUO，ZEZAIBIAOMIANXINGCHENGMOHUBUQINGDEBUWEI。YUDAOZHEIZHONGQINGKUANG，YINGCHONGFENYANMOMOJU，GAISHANTUOMOJIUKEYILE。

　　SHUYUZHUSUJIFANGMIANDEKELIEJUYIXIAJIDIAN：

　　1、YINZHUSHESUDUGUOKUAI，SHEDINGWENDUGUOGAODENGYUANYINZAOCHENGGUORE，YINQISHUZHIFENJIE，DAOZHIZAIBIAOMIANXINGCHENGMOHUBUQINGDEXIANXIANG。

　　2、MOJUWENDUGUODIYEHUICHANSHENGZHEIZHONGXIANXIANG。

　　3、SHUZHIGANZAOBUCHONGFENSHI，WANGWANGCHUXIANZHEIZHONGQINGKUANG。

　　十一、下料不良

　　XIZHIOUERSHUZHICAILIAOBUNENGCONGLIAODOUJINRULUOGAN，ZHEISHISHIFENNANBANDEQINGKUANG，TEBIESHINILONGLIAOGENGRONGYICHUXIANZHEIZHONGQINGKUANG。

　　1、SHIYONGHUISHOUCAILIAOSHI，YINGJINKENENGPOSUIDEXIYIXIE。XIAOXINGZHUSUJIDELUOGANJINGXI，LIAODOUXIABUDEJINLIAOKOUQIAN，BUNENGJIAORUDADEHUISHOULIAO。

　　2、HANYOUBOLIXIANWEIDELIAOLIYINGJINKENENGSHIYONGDUANDELIAOLI。CAILIAOZHIZAOCHANGJIAKAOLVDAOZHEIYANGZUOYIYUSUNSHANGZHIZUOZHEIZHONGLIAOLIDEZAOLIJIDEQIELI，ERQINGXIANGYUZHIZUOZHANGDELIAOLI，ZHEIYANGDUIYUDAXING、ZHONGXINGJIDAOMEISHENME，DANDUIXIAOXINGJILAISHUO，CHENGXINGPINYEXIAO，BOLIXIANWEIZHANGDURUODUANYEKEYIDEHUA，YINGGAIYONGDUANDE。

　　3、LIAODOUCEDESHEDINGWENDUGUOGAO，ZEZAIGAIBUTASHUZHICHENGXIANLIUDONGHUA，BIANDEBUKENENGYONGLUOGANSHUSONG。

　　4、LUOGANBEIYAGUOGAO，ZEJISHILUOGANXUANZHUANYIBUHOUTUI(JIALIAO)，CHULINILONGSHUZHISHI，BEIYAYINGPIANDISHEDINGHAO。

　　5、BANZIDONGCHENGXINGSHI，TINGZHISHIJIANBUWENDING，DUIYUNILONGCHANGHEYEHUIZAOCHENGJINLIAOBULIANG。

　　十二、 龟裂、开裂

　　ZAICHENGXINGPINBIAOMIANSHENGCHENGDEXIXIAOLIEWENCHENGZHIWEIGUILIE，SHENGCHENGDEDALIEWENJIAOZUOKAILIE。

　　CHANSHENGZHEIZHONGXIANXIANGDEYUANYINYOULIANGGE，YISHIYINGXINGDINGCHU，ERSHICHENGXINGPINNEIBUYINGLI。

　　1、WEILEZAIDINGCHUSHIBUSHIJIAGUOFENDELI，YINGJIANCHAMOJUDEQITUOMOXIEDUJIGUANGJIEDU，TONGSHISHEJIXIAODINGGANDEGESHUJIQIZHIJINGDENG，YINGKAOLVYUGAICHENGXINGPINDEXINGZHUANGXIANGFUHE。

　　2、XIANGQIANFUSHIJIAOKOUNEIYANG，ZUAIDINGCHUSHI，YINGJINKENENGYONGCUDADEDINGGANCHARUZHURUKOUDEYIDUAN，ZHEIYANGKEYIJIANGLIPINGJUNDISHIJIADAOCHENGXINGPINSHANG。

　　3、ZHUSHEYALIGUOGAO，BAOYAYALIGUOGAO，BAOYASHIJIANGUOZHANGDOUKENENGYINQINEIBUYINGLI。

　　4、SHUZHIWENDUGUODI，ZAIMOQIANGNEICHUYUMIANQIANGLIUDONGDEZHUANGTAI，ZEYINGLICANLIUBINGGUHUAZAIZHIJIANSHANG。

　　5、MOJUWENDUGUODIYEHUIZAOCHENGHEQIANYIJIEXIANGTONGDEXIAOGUO。

　　DANGBIXUSHIJIAGAOYAXIANGMOQIANGTIANCHONGSHI，YOUSHIHUIDAOZHINEIBUYINGLI。GANGCHENGXINGZHIHOU，JINGUANKANBUCHUYOUSHENMEYICHANG，DANGUOERTIANHUIFASHENGLIEWEN，WEIFANGZHIZHEIZHONGBULIANGXIANXIANGFASHENG，CAIYONGTUIHUOCHULISHIFENYOUXIAO。SUOWEITUIHUOXIJIANGZHEIZHONGJUYOUNEIBUYINGLIDECHENGXING PINJIARE，XIAOCHUQIYINGLIDEFANGFA。